Key and stop action for organs.



I. T.' AUSTIN.

KEY AND STOP ACTION FOR ORGANS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.3,1911.

Patented Aug. 11, 1914 5 SHEETSS HEET 1,

F g- 6 B J. T. AUSTIN. KEY AND STOP ACTION FOR (mews;

APPLICATION EILBD PJUG.3,1911.

Patented Aug.11,1914

Invafitof I Jail/n T. afimtin J. T. AUSTIN.

KEY AND STOP ACTION FOR .ORGANS.

APYETLIOATION FILED AUG.3,1911.

Wit-me ss es. Inventor Patented Aug. 11, 1914 J. T. AUSTIN. KEY AND STOP ACTION FOR ORGANS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 3,1911.

1,107,129. v Patented Aug. 11, ISM.

677168393 5 izz wzzizmr cjiln wzm J. T. AUSTIN.

KEY AND STOP ACTION FOR ORGANS:

APPLIOATION FILED AU.G.3,1911.

1,107,129. v Patented Aug-11,1914.

5 SHEETF$-SHEET 5.

Wzkzzwaes: [125,972 J02";

iiNiTED srrari s PATENT OFFICE.

303x. '1. Aus'rm, or HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, AssiGiion TO AUSTIN onoaw oom- PANY, or HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT,'A cannons-axon or IMALENE.

KEY AND STOP ACTION FOR ORGANS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 11, 13314.

Application filed August 3, 1911. Serial No. 642,194.

This invention is an improved combined ,key and stop action for pipe organs and similar instruments.

An important object of the invention is to dis use with the plurality of valves for sec pipe duct commonly used for such actions, whereby'each pipe may be operated by means of a single valve, under the dual control 'of the key and stop connections, thereby avoiding complexity, expense, liability to leakage, and consequent imperfect operation.

This invention is herein shown to be embodied in and ada ted to an orga-nof the eneral character siown in my prior U. atent'No. 537,664 of April 16, 1895, a characteristic feature of which is a wind chest having tli various valve andpneuniatic ac-' titr-ns'accessibly disposed upon its interior wall or ceiling, and utilizing the direct pressure (if-the air in that chest as motive power. These chests are generally made large enough to ena lo a man to stand upright therein, entrance and; exit being had through an air lock, enabling the operator or adjuster to enter the wind chest while the air pressure is on, and to observe and adjust the actions while. the organ is in full operation.

Figure 1 of the drawings an end view of a portion of an organ, the walls of which are shown in section, and showing the stop and key devices for some of the pipes of two differe'nt registers or stops. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary end view corresponding to a portion of Fig.1, showing the valve devices in oper ative condition for one stop, and in inopera- 'tive and locked position for the other stop.

ative position, and showing the other stop mechanism in its inoperative and locked position. Fig. 4 is a side view also partly in section. projected from Figs. 1 and 3. Figs. 5 and 6 are enlarged sectional end views, showing the stop and key actions in two different positions, Fig. 5 showing the actions in working condition with the stop drawn on, and Fig. 6 showing them in inoperative condition, with the stop drawn oil and. the valve locked down. Figs. 7, 9 and lO-are end views partly in section, and Fig. 8 is side'view projected from. Fig. 7, illustrating the construction and operation of a. turtliei development of the invention, whereby the same stops may be operated independently from a plurality of difiercnt keyboards.

Fig. 11 is an end View showing a nioditication of the invention. Figs. 12 and 13 are side elevations partly in section of one of the actions, showing the key operated mechanism in two diiiiereiit positions, Fig. 12

showing the valve'in its closed position, and 1 1g. 1.5 showing the valve 111 its open position. Fig. 14 is an end elevation projected from the left hand side of Fig. 1 Fig. 15 is a plan view projected from Fig. 13, with the bar omitted.

fn'the embodiment shown herein, portions 0. {two stop and three key actions are illustrated. One stop A is represented by the register of pipes i, 5 and 6, and the other stop B by the diiierent register of pipes 7, 8 and 9 (Figs; 1 and 3), the mechanism or actions of these two stops being worked by the pneumatic or bellows motors 12 and 13, respectively. The three key actions illustrated are worked by the pneumatic or bellows motors 15, 16 and 17, respectively, (Figs. 1, 3 and at). The pipes of these two stops are shown to be supported by bars 2 and 3, respectively, which form part ofthe upper wall of the ceiling of the wind chest. The arrangement and relative position of these stop and. key actions in this embodiment of the invention are best illustrated in the iniderneath view shown in Fig. The different stop actions extend in lines horizontally across that figure from thestop pneinnatics 12 and13, while the respective key actions, each. connecting and operating a particulariiotein the different; steps, extend from the key neumatics 15,16 and 17 in rows shown vertically through that figure, at right angles with the rows of sto actions. These pneumatics are or may be 0 the cus ternary collapsing bellows form, and are herein shown to be disposed upon the side and end walls of the wind chest 1. The closing movements of these stop pneumatics single note, fiwnects fay swinging movement all the valve levers zfioz' sounding that in finding new in the different mops. Each trace is Osman illusopvated directly 0: indiretigr by 'izne key, 23% st or erforatielin a be sheet, 0 other 6.

l vice what may b6 usfl 50260112 ailing the m5 smmding' that narmcuhzr new, in the embociiment tha 431mm: firmer shown g firecfly cennecced 0 key pygmuiwtics 15, 16 1'? respectively, Whic are '55 1 to be epbwf wr'nmry cs is}? weceiva ial imfmm the keyboard 13 an. org n conmete shaet, as he cause Thus each key pneumatic when 8 close-'3; aim waned serves by meam 9f its trace to swing she lever arms 20 ancl back and. forth, as indlsated Eayifirxe two I conjoint pOSiaJiUHS 5: these mm sh W11 file (lmwthe "3 h S111? 315 mbie means, as m s for meldmgh c0 which h Mini *ham 1 t ions wlth 1 their paw-31 ens-{m6 ha p112 l out lifting their connected valves, while i levers of the stops which are on open their respective valves as illustrated by the action shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the we valve levers 20 and 28 connected with trace 21. l swinging arms 20 and 28 are put into and out of operative connection with their respective valves hv means of the stop mechanism. which will bedoscribed. 'lhe operation of drawing on a stop establishes 1e connection between all the pipe ves of that stop and their respective lever arms, so that any note is sounded in all stops drawn on whenever the keypneumatic 'esponding to that note is operated. The v 1g oil of any stop breaks or d scs- L lishes this operative connection between all the? pipe valves of that stop and their ive lever arms, leaving the latter free log idlyupon their pivots whenever wood by the key pneumatic, without ing their respective valves.

uach stop is provided with a movable =1 abutment, icrein termed a, fulcrum rod,

which, when the stop is drawn on, is moved into fulcrum relation to all the levenarms associated with that stop, whereby the free swin ing movement of the lever arms, im-

- ted by their respective key pneumatics, inverted or translatedmto movement of corresponding valves, opening them and allowing the corresponding pipes to be sounded by the outflow of air from the wind chest, through the pipe ducts. The abutinents 30 and 31-shown herein consist of ads extending lengthwise of the series of es, comprising the respective stops. "e' fulcrum rods are mounted for swing? lug: movement from the on position copied by the rod 30 to the oil position oceu d by the rod 31 in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and

ring also in this latter position the adrenal function of holdin or locking the c l" and also similar va ves of the same A or register upon their respective ducts, i kee them. tightly closed. 'lhus eachof irons 30 and 31 performs the combined luncone of a fulcrum and a "locking abut- "cot. The center swinging movement of fulcrum ro be disposed at any point which may nvenieut for ei'iahling ahu tzncnts towing to the two positions In the form shown in Figs 1 to the centers are at 32 and 32-3, re- I Radius links 3'. and 353 are dis pour at (soi'ivenient intervals along the oi? the fulcrum rods 30 and 31, and are shown to be formed of wires having one U end coiled around the rods, while the other pivot-end is mounted for swinging move- 111 the blocks 36 and 37.

-u1ngly held in their two positions by means of springs 38, attached as shown n Figs. 5 and 6 so as to draw the abutments The rods are toward their terminal, positions, the springs passing from one side to the other of the centers of suspension 82 and 33 of the links 34 and The fulcrum rods are moved from their oil to their on positions by means of stop pneumatics 1'2 and 13, which are herein shown to be locatedon an end wall of the wind chest, and operating at substantially right angles with the swinging movements of their fulcrum rods, and in order to transmit this right-angled movement the cranked levers and 41 are provided. These are mounted for. turning movement upon vertical posts l2 and 43, secured to the pipe bars 2 and 3. The abutmcnts and 31 are connected with one arm of their respective crank levers by the connecting rods 44, the other arm of each lever being provided with a connecting rod 45. attached to the respective stop pneumatics l2 and 13 already referred to. These pneumatics and their relay systems are attached to the interior wall ofthe wind chest, and are provided with connecting air passages 48 provided with ports 49 and 50 leading to the wind chest and to the atmosphere, re-

spectively. These ports are controlled by means of the valves 51 and 52, connected with a primary pneumatic 55, which in turn is connected with an air duct 56, the opposite end of which may lead to a tracker bar controlled by "perforated music sheets, or, these ducts may be controlled by means of a manually operated valve connected with customary stop knobs or tablets 10-. cated in the organ console.

When at rest in the position shown in Fig. 4 with the port 50 closed and the port 49 open to the interior of the wind chest, the pressure from the latter enters the pneumatic 13 through its air passage 48, balancing the pressure inside and outside of the pneumatic, leaving it free to be expanded by means of suitable springs attached in any convenient way, tending to open the pncumatic and carrying the fulcrum rods 30 and 31 from the on positsen shown in Fig. 5 to the oil position shown in Fig. As illustrated herein, the springs 58 employed for this purpose are of grasshopper form, one end encircling the abutments llO and 31, while the other end is pivotally held at '59, i in any convenient block or .other appurtenance of the pipe bars 2 and 3.

VVhen any stop is to be drawn on, the cmresponding primary pneumatic is 0perated to close the port 49 and open the port 50. thus collapsing the associated stop pneu-, matic 12 or 13, to the position of the pneumatic l2, and operating, through the connections described, to move the corresponding fulcrum rod for that stop from the position of Fig. 6' to that of Fig. 5, in which position the rod furnishesa fulcrum for the valve levers of that stop, and thereby establishes operative Connection between them and their valves a, 5, and 6",*so that any of those lever-arms when operated by its key pneumatic will open the corresponding valve and sound the note desired. Thus any note, as for example the note 0, will he sounded in each one of the registers or stops which is in its on position shown by the stop A, but will be silent in all those stops which are in the oil i position shown by the stop B.

'Z to 10 inclusive illustrate 9. development or extension oi this invention, which enables any desired number of the stop end hey actions to be selectively and independently operated from s plurality of different operating points, as for example, from (liii'erent keyboards of the organ con. sols, by means of multiple connections to each oi the pipe duct velvesfiO, and 80. in this arrangement] the main fulcrum rods 61, 71, 81 and their respective valve levers 62, 72 and 852', end their connecting key trace 69 are constructed. :rrrens ed end 0 G1? eted like the corresponding perts shown in Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive, and are operated ny oi the means previously indicetetl here-- H at orgzui keyboardU That portion s compound or multiple action which 3.100 actuated independently from odiiierent lots tion by the key trace 79 and its connotti shown herein to consist of the uninery i (55, 75, 85,1respeci ely. rods are opereted in shy of mode of ivirc, pivotellyetteched at 67 to the'connecting rods 68, the opposite ends 01: which are "pivotolly attached to the valves 69, 1 0, 80, prefeinhly ht the same pivot el points 77 at which the lvelve levers 66,

' v I L: I 76. 8% are connected to those valves. 'lhelower ends of the valve ermzshl are bent at 7'2 es showh 1n the ngurestp rorm s,- single p vot gournel for their respectivevelves 60.,

70, '80, and connecting rods 68., by me s?" of which n plurelity of "valve levers ere connects: tandem relation to the some valve; The arrangement and mode of operation of duplex or multiple connection with the valves will he understood from the several lllllSlll'itlllOilS (litter st posrtions shown Figs. i" to 10, inch.

which stop re scntedby Vt, e is in its 0;.1",'1)0S11G.O1 to once: t". eyh of? as to the other lie-:

, represeii' rom the desired location, for instance it the some valves 60, 70 and -to-h'e the ways previously indice ted'hereio, room l des red location, for instance, by stop -Wl18191n it to mo es or tablets on the swell orgen heyo. hy' ivelve' stop represented by the valve 80 is shown 7 in 9 and 10tto be in its oil position, as to both of the keyboards with which it is assumed to be connected by the traces 69 and 79. In Fig. '2' both of these traces ere shown in their resting positions. In Fig. 9 the trecekol) is shown as being moved to its farthest position, opening only the valve 70 because of the oil positioniof the fulcrum rods 61 and 81, of, the valves 60 end 80 respectively In this 'vievv the trace 79 is shown to he in its position of restbetween operations, In Fig". 10 the trace 69 shown to be in its position of rest hetweenoperetions, hut the trace 79 has been operated, thus opening the velvet-3'60 and 70, because of the ou? position-ctthe fulcrum rods 65 move, respectively, the valve levels 82,

i2; 852 end 86 in that view swinging idly uponthen' respective pivotal connections.

A further modification is illustrated in Fig-11, which thevelve levers operate es levers of the first kind, instead "of levers ot the second kind, illustrotccl in the previous figures. In this case the valve levers .90" end 91 are suspended by their lipper ends upon the arms 92 and93 of {9t and 95, respectively. The fulruih rods 96, 97 ere pivoted at 98 on suitable hreclretsf so as to swing from one to the other of the two positions illustrated. These fulcrum rods-rosy be connected by means ottreces 93 to stop operating devices like those shown in the previous figures, so that when at stop is drawn on, its fulcrum rod is swung occupied by the, rod 9'3, p, s a fulcrum-for the lever 91, While the fulcrum rhds of the stops which are not drawn on, rest in the posi tion of the rods 96, looking down their respective valves. in this conditioh, when the trace 99 is moved by the key action in the direction of the adjacent arrow, the

the positio velve levers ot ell stops which are drawn onset against their respective fulci um rods and open their respective valves es illustrated by the valve lever 91 acting against the fulcrum 9? to open the valve 95 while the other valve levers attached to the trace )9 of the stops which are not drawn on, swingidly as shown by the lever 90, without opening their associated valves.

@bviously the various parts may be otheri-Wise and further modified as to construction,

mode of operation, positionanddirection of movement 11111121113 Ways that Will suggest themselves to the designer or constructor,

,7, according to the number and arrangement of stops, end the space at their disposel. 'lhecontrolling means for the, key pn u ins-tics 16 and i may be oi any well hnowri in, either pneumatic, or electric, orv elec ro-pneumatic, or portly of mcchsiucoh They may he octuoted from with? its keys of a keyboard, or from a tracker board by perfoi'e'ted music sheet, or those lever themselves maybe directly and meosl-y connected with the keys of the heyb. 2rd by suitably extending the traces 2i, and 23. In like manner the stop actions niey controlled from the ordinary stop knobs on tablets of the organ console, either pneumatic, or electric, or mechanical. connections, or combinations of these,

knobs or tablets controlling the different stops or registers of pipes, are herein termed the stop actions or connections, as the case Fo definiteness undrconciseness of a term velve is herein en1- ployed to designate the eneral valve structurc, ii'zcluding the pallet which serves to open and close pipe ducts A valve for argon actions, a lever mounted for swinging'm'ovement relative to the/valve, a COldlJli'lefl fulcrum and locking abutment mov able from u fulcru m rel ation to .e Y' into n. locking eosition relative to ve, whereby the said fulcrum abut- --servcs in one position. as s. fulcrum for to move the valve, and in the other 1 serves as a lock for the 25. A valve for organ actions, a lover mounted for swinging movement relative to valve, filler n. abutment, and radius links susteinin'g, the fulcrum abutment for swinging movement into and out of fulcrum relation to the lever.

:3. A valve for organ actions, a. valve lever mounted for swin ing movement upon and with the valve, n tulcruin abutment, radius links disposed along the fulm'u'm abutment and supported to swing" on u common center of osci lation, suspendii the said abutment for swinging movement into and out of fulcrum relation to the valve lcvgrs.

l. A. valve for organ. actions, a. valve lever mounted for swiuegin umvcniunt upon end with the vulve, :1 combined fulcrum and lode... ubi'i'tmcnt, and pivutully suspehded radius inks for sustaining the fulcrum abutment for swinging movement from u. ful cs'luu DOHlillUll relative to the valve lever, in u loi'li'iflgli' position relative to valv 5; .x valve for organ actions, :1. vcr umuutwl l'ur swinging movement upon and with. the valve, :1 fulcrum abutment ui ouutcd 11 would be operated by the stop for swinging movement into and out of a fulcrum relation to thelever, and a spring connected between the abutment and a point beyond the center of the swinging movement, whereby the spring is carried by the shutment across the said center of swinging movement and holds the abutment yieldingly at either end of its swinging movement.

6. A valve for organ. actions, a levermounted for-swinging movement upon and with the valve, :1 fulcrum abutment, radius links for sustaining the abutment for swinging movement into and out of a fulcrum-relation to the lever, and a spring for yieldingly pressing the fulcrum abutment toward each end 'of its swinging movement, the spring being disposed to swing with the abutment across the center of suspension of the links.

7. A valve for organ actions, a plurality of valve levers disposed in,.- perutive relnti on 'to the said valve and means for establishing and disestublishing operative connect-i on between any or all of the valve levers and the valve.

8. The combination, with an organ valve, of a plurality of operating levers pivotally connected tothe valve and mounted to swing inopemtively on their pivotal connections-1 with the valve, and means for selectively stopping the inoperative movements of any or all of the levers, and converting them into operative nmvements of the valve.

9. A valve for organ actions, a plurality of operating levers for the valve, and a fulcrum abutment for each of the levers 109 mounted for swinging movement into and out of fulcrum relation t6 its lever, whereby any or all of the valve levers may be put into or out of operative connection with the same valve,

10. A combined key and stop action for organ pipes, including in, eombinzrti s valve for one of the pipes, a plurality of operating levers, each pix/chilly connected with suidvulve, and a correspoudim; phi-"11c rality of independently operated fulcm for the respective levers, each disposed for swinging; movement into and out of fulcrum relation to its lever.

11. A. combined key and stop action for 11.5, organ pipes, including in combination u valve for one of the pipes, a. plurality of operating levers pivotally connected to the said valve for free swinging movement, :1. corresponding plurality of movable fulcrum 12o ubutments for the respcctiw. levers, and menus rm moving the said fulcrum ubutmenls into and out of fulcrum relation to their respective levers independently of each other, whereby the valve may be opcr- 125 med by any or all of said levers;

12. A. combined key and stop action or organ pipes. inciudingjf incombination 11 valve for one of flue pipes. 3i piurnlitv of ppm-ailing levers pivot'ztll connected to the 1:50

valve in lenclem mlafien in each other corvesponcling plurality cl fulcm lo-r the spective v levers, means for lnclepenclently moving the saicl fulcm "int-0 eml out of 5 fulcrum relation te their respective levers. 1.3; A multiple key aml'etop aelien for 01' gene, including; in combination a pipe valve valve lever pivotally mounted on the valve, a second valve lever pivetally connected 1% with the d valve in tandem, relation. be he lie-l, memecl lever, a key trace for each of the levera e-ml means fer eslablishing and clisestablmhlng cpeafatng cenncctien between GElCl'l ef the levers 51ml the sa 3. valve A multiple key and step actlcn L01 crgine including in combinaticn e p valve, lever pivefielly suepel'ulerl arm 01? the valve swing: meala, geccncl valve lever disposed 20 elem relelzien lo the first named. lever cennccc-ing rocl connecting the second lever will; the said valve arm, lff connect-ions for swing ing the respective levers separate fulcrum ebutments fol the respective levers, and 5 means for moving the said fulcrum. almtl'ncnts independently of each other into and on: f fulcrum relalicn to theiv respective levers, whereby the saicl pipe valve may be operated by either: 01 "math levels,

15. Multiple key 2116 stop actions for ge key l-aces .ln lcsL-Lcaenvwllereef l have signed my name 0 this SPQJlfiCZiEGn m the presence 0;?

two subscribing witnesses. willie 22 th L July, 1911. 

